full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Kaitlyn Sadtler and Heather J. Faust: Why haven't we cured arthritis?

Unscramble the Blue Letters

Even the most cmoomn type, osteoarthritis, is trickier to prevent than one might think. It’s a general misconception that arthritis is confined to old age. The origins of osteoarthritis can often be traced to a patient’s early life, from any seemingly ordinary joint iurnjy. Following impact, immune clles rush in to help clean and rpaier the damaged site and begin pumping out enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanases. These enzymes clear out the damaged tissue and contribute to inflammation. But while this rapid sellniwg helps protect the jonit during recovery, inadequately healed tissue can cause these immune cells to overstay their welcome. The continuing flood of enzymes starts to degrade the calitagre, wenieankg the joint and leading to aiirtrhts later on.

Open Cloze

Even the most ______ type, osteoarthritis, is trickier to prevent than one might think. It’s a general misconception that arthritis is confined to old age. The origins of osteoarthritis can often be traced to a patient’s early life, from any seemingly ordinary joint ______. Following impact, immune _____ rush in to help clean and ______ the damaged site and begin pumping out enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanases. These enzymes clear out the damaged tissue and contribute to inflammation. But while this rapid ________ helps protect the _____ during recovery, inadequately healed tissue can cause these immune cells to overstay their welcome. The continuing flood of enzymes starts to degrade the _________, _________ the joint and leading to _________ later on.

Solution

  1. arthritis
  2. swelling
  3. common
  4. joint
  5. cartilage
  6. cells
  7. repair
  8. injury
  9. weakening

Original Text

Even the most common type, osteoarthritis, is trickier to prevent than one might think. It’s a general misconception that arthritis is confined to old age. The origins of osteoarthritis can often be traced to a patient’s early life, from any seemingly ordinary joint injury. Following impact, immune cells rush in to help clean and repair the damaged site and begin pumping out enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanases. These enzymes clear out the damaged tissue and contribute to inflammation. But while this rapid swelling helps protect the joint during recovery, inadequately healed tissue can cause these immune cells to overstay their welcome. The continuing flood of enzymes starts to degrade the cartilage, weakening the joint and leading to arthritis later on.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
immune cells 3
arthritic conditions 2
joint pain 2

Important Words

  1. age
  2. aggrecanases
  3. arthritis
  4. cartilage
  5. cells
  6. clean
  7. clear
  8. common
  9. confined
  10. continuing
  11. contribute
  12. damaged
  13. degrade
  14. early
  15. enzymes
  16. flood
  17. general
  18. healed
  19. helps
  20. immune
  21. impact
  22. inadequately
  23. including
  24. inflammation
  25. injury
  26. joint
  27. leading
  28. life
  29. matrix
  30. metalloproteinases
  31. misconception
  32. ordinary
  33. origins
  34. osteoarthritis
  35. overstay
  36. prevent
  37. protect
  38. pumping
  39. rapid
  40. recovery
  41. repair
  42. rush
  43. seemingly
  44. site
  45. starts
  46. swelling
  47. tissue
  48. traced
  49. trickier
  50. type
  51. weakening